Operators, Expressions & Type Conversions

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

void main() {
    int intVal = 17;
    int intDiv = 5;
    float floatResult;
    double doubleVal = 45.789;
    int castedInt;

    clrscr();

    cout << "--- Implicit Type Conversion ---" << endl;
    // Without casting: integer division truncates decimal part
    floatResult = intVal / intDiv;
    cout << "17 / 5 without casting = " << floatResult << " (Truncated integer division)" << endl;

    cout << "\n--- Explicit Type Conversion (C-Style Casting) ---" << endl;
    // Explicitly casting intVal to float promotes expression to float division
    floatResult = (float)intVal / intDiv;
    cout << "(float)17 / 5          = " << floatResult << " (Accurate float division)" << endl;

    // Explicitly casting float using functional notation float(x)
    floatResult = float(intVal) / intDiv;
    cout << "float(17) / 5          = " << floatResult << " (Functional casting)" << endl;

    cout << "\n--- Truncating Conversion ---" << endl;
    castedInt = (int)doubleVal;
    cout << "Original Double: " << doubleVal << endl;
    cout << "Casted to Int:   " << castedInt << " (Fractional part removed)" << endl;

    getch();
}